The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system consist of electrically excitable cells, neurons, and cells that do not produce electrical impulses but provide vital support, glia cells.
Glia cells in the central nervous system include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia. The primary function of oligodendrocytes is to generate myelin, a multilamellar membrane stack that insulates the axons of neurons. Astrocytes recycle neurotransmitters, shape synaptic circuits, and maintain the blood-brain barrier. Microglia are mainly related to immune responses and brain homeostasis, and play a crucial role in remyelination.
75% of all mammalian lipid species are exclusively found in neural tissues. In their variety, lipids contribute to the morphological and functional diversity of the central nervous system consisting of neurons and glia cells.
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