Myelin is an important component of the nervous system that can be damaged due to injury or disease, such as multiple sclerosis or Alzheimer’s disease. Microglia cells, which are immune cells found in the brain and spinal cord, play a crucial role in repairing myelin after injuries.

They use different types of lipids to remove debris from the damaged myelin and rebuild the myelin sheath. These lipids include cholesterol, phospholipids, ceramides, and sphingolipids.
If the process of processing lipids isn’t working correctly, then the repair of the myelin sheath can fail, leading to further damage. Therefore, it is important to understand how the lipids are involved in the process of myelin repair, so we can develop better treatments for nervous system injuries.

In the recent study by Gouna and Simons, it was found that triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) plays a vital role in triggering the generation of enzymes, leading to lipid droplet formation and thus for proper remyelination.
Check out our recent article for details: https://www.lipotype.com/lipidomics-applications/lipid-metabolism-impacts-remyelination/

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