Cardiolipin’s distinctive structure, featuring four fatty acid chains and two phosphatidyl groups, plays a critical role in the optimal functioning of the electron transport chain, the heart of cellular energy production.
Cardiolipin is also essential for mitochondrial integrity, stability of mitochondrial protein complexes, and the process of apoptosis, where it helps release cytochrome c during programmed cell death.
Notably, cardiolipin is highly susceptible to oxidative damage, which can trigger apoptosis and is linked to diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders and ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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