Dihexosyl-ceramide
Details
About the structure and biological function of DiHexCer
Structure. Dihexosylceramides (CerG2, or DiHexCer) are a type of glycosphingolipids. Their structure consists of a ceramide base linked to a neutral disaccharide molecule. The ceramide base contains two hydrocarbon chains, the fatty acid of the long-chain base and a second fatty acid. The fatty acids can be of variable length, hydroxylated, and contain double bonds.
Dihexosylceramides are found mainly in animal cells, especially cells of the immune system and neuronal cells. On a subcellular level, they are enriched in the cell membrane and in lipid rafts.
Function. Many dihexosylceramides are key intermediates in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids containing three or more sugar molecules such as globosides and gangliosides. Yet, they are vital to cell function and particularly important to lipid raft formation in cells of the innate immune system. They bind to pathogens, mediating immune and inflammatory responses. Further, dihexosylceramide metabolism aberrations are linked to cancers, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and multiple sclerosis.
DiHexCer lipidomics analysis with
Lipotype
| Structural details | species level |
| Variants identified | > 50 |
| Method | mass spectrometry (untargeted) |
| Quantification | yes |
| Delivery time | 2-4 weeks |
| Lipidomics data | pmol & mol% |
| Figures | included |
DiHexCer, Gb3, Gb4, GM1, GM2, GM3, GM4, GD1, GD2, GD3, GT1, GT2, GT3, GQ1, Sulf
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